Fes: Morocco’s Timeless City – Explore the Oldest Medina in the World

A City Steeped in History

Founded in the 8th century, Fes is one of the oldest cities in the Islamic world. It served as Morocco’s capital for centuries and remains a center of religious and cultural scholarship. The Fes el-Bali (Old Fes) is a UNESCO World Heritage site and home to the world’s oldest operating university, the University of Al Quaraouiyine, founded in 859 AD by a woman, Fatima al-Fihri.

The city has two main old quarters: Fes el-Bali, the older and more chaotic heart of the city, and Fes el-Jdid, the 13th-century expansion that houses the Mellah (Jewish quarter) and the Royal Palace.

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Exploring the Medina

With over 9,000 alleys and narrow streets, the medina of Fes is a living labyrinth. Cars can’t enter, so everything is transported by handcart or donkey, just like it was centuries ago.

Don’t miss:

• Bab Bou Jeloud (The Blue Gate): The symbolic entrance to the medina.

• Al-Attarine Madrasa: A masterpiece of Islamic architecture.

• Tanneries of Chouara: Watch leather being dyed in centuries-old stone vats. The view (and smell!) is unforgettable.

• Souks and artisan workshops: Find traditional carpets, copper goods, ceramics, and intricate zellige tilework.

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Spiritual & Cultural Heritage

Fes is also Morocco’s spiritual capital. Its mosques and madrasas (Islamic schools) are some of the most revered in the country. Though non-Muslims can’t enter many mosques, their stunning architecture can be admired from outside.

Don’t miss:

• Mosque of Al Quaraouiyine

• Zaouia Moulay Idriss II (Shrine of the city’s founder)

• Andalusian Mosque

Fes also hosts many festivals, including the Fes Festival of World Sacred Music, which attracts global performers and spiritual traditions.

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Cuisine in Fes

Fassi cuisine is considered among the finest in Morocco. Known for its balance of sweet and savory, traditional dishes include:

• Pastilla (a savory-sweet pie with pigeon or chicken)

• Tagine with prunes and almonds

• Harira (rich soup often eaten during Ramadan)

• Fresh mint tea and traditional pastries

For an authentic experience, try dining in a traditional riad—a restored palace with an interior courtyard.

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Where to Stay

Stay in the heart of the medina to fully immerse yourself. Many riads have been converted into charming guesthouses with stunning architecture and warm hospitality.

Popular areas to stay:

• Fes el-Bali (for a true old-city experience)

• Fes el-Jdid (quieter and closer to modern amenities)

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Tips for Visiting Fes

• Hire a local guide to navigate the medina and learn hidden stories.

• Dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites.

• Be ready to haggle in the souks—it’s part of the fun!

• Avoid walking alone at night in unfamiliar alleys—the medina is safe but disorienting.

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Conclusion

Fes isn’t just a stop on a Moroccan tour—it’s a place to feel Morocco’s soul. Whether you’re a history lover, architecture enthusiast, foodie, or cultural explorer, Fes offers an unforgettable journey into the heart of a truly timeless city.

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